aircraft transport

Aircraft Transport - More references to this article are needed for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations from reliable sources. Items that don't work can be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Military transport aircraft" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2017 ) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

A military transport aircraft is a military cargo aircraft or military-operated transport aircraft used to support military operations by transporting troops and military equipment. Transport aircraft are essential for maintaining supply lines to transfer bases that are difficult to access by land or water and can be used for both strategic and tactical missions. They are also used in emergency programs to transport humanitarian aid.

Aircraft Transport

Fixed-wing transport aircraft are typically defined in terms of their various capabilities, such as planned flight or strategic flight, to reflect the needs of the ground forces that support them. This is similar to the difference in the length of a commercial aircraft: Eurocontrol defines short-haul routes as shorter than 1,500 km (810 nmi), long-haul routes as longer than 4,000 km (2,200 nmi), and medium-haul routes. .

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A military aircraft is an unpowered aerial vehicle used in some operations to transport troops and/or equip them for combat.

Military transport helicopters are used in areas where it is impossible to use maneuverable aircraft. For example, the military helicopter is the primary means of transport for US Marines from LHDs and LHAs. The landing capabilities of helicopters are almost unlimited, and in places where landing is not possible, for example, in dense forest, the ability of a helicopter to fly allows soldiers to invest by patrolling and patrolling.

Transport helicopters operate in attack, medium and heavy categories. Helicopters are generally the smallest of the transport types and are designed to move a group or division of infantry and their supplies. Attack helicopters are used to protect against transport and landing pressure. This armament may be in the form of a helicopter modification with spar wings and pylons to carry door weapons or missiles and missile pods. For example, the Sikorsky S-70 equipped with the ESSM (External Stores Support System) and the Hip E variant of the Mil Mi-8 can carry ammunition like dedicated helicopters.

Medium transport helicopters can often deploy an infantry platoon or carry towed weapons or light vehicles in subordinate roles. Unlike attack helicopters, they are not normally expected to land directly on the target area, but are used to reinforce and resupply positions occupied by the first assault wave. Examples include non-armored versions of the Mil Mi-8, Super Puma, CH-46 Sea Knight and NH90.

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Heavy lift helicopters are the largest and most capable transports, limited to the CH-53 Sea Stallion and related CH-53E Super Stallion, CH-47 Chinook, Mil Mi-26 and Aérospatiale Super Frelon. . Capable of carrying up to 80 troops and moving Armored Fighting Vehicles (typically as suspended loads, but also internally), these helicopters function in a tactical transport role very similar to fixed-wing turboprop airlifters. The low speed, range, and increased fuel consumption of helicopters make them incapable of operating almost anywhere. Additional citations are required for this article. Please help improve this article by adding citations from reliable sources. Items that don't work can be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Cargo plane" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2018 ) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

A cargo aircraft (also known as a cargo plane, freighter, airplane, or cargo jet) is a fixed-wing aircraft designed or modified to carry cargo instead of passengers. Such aircraft generally do not carry passengers and usually have one or more large cargo doors. Cargo vehicles can be used by passenger or cargo aircraft, private individuals or the armed forces of individual countries.

Air cargo planes often have features that distinguish them from convertibles: wider/longer fuselage area, taller wing that allows the cargo area to stay close to the ground, more wheels to allow it to land in unprepared terrain. , and a high tail that allows cargo to be wheeled in and out of the aircraft.

In 2015, private carriers transported 43% of ATK's 700 billion (available ton-kilometer) capacity, and 57% were transported at airports. And in 2015, Boeing predicts that snow cargo will grow to 63%, while special cargo will account for 37% of the 1.2 billion ATK by 2035.

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Cargo Facts Consulting predicts that the global fleet will grow from 1,782 to 2,920 cargo aircraft from 2019 to 2039.

A US Air Force Lockheed C-130 Hercules, a classic military transport aircraft, over the Atlantic Ocean in 2014.

Airplanes were used to carry cargo in the form of air mail since 1911. Although early aircraft were not primarily designed as cargo carriers, by the mid-1920s aircraft manufacturers were designing and building specialized cargo aircraft.

In the early 1920s, the need for a cargo plane was recognized in Great Britain for the rapid transport of troops and materials to quell rebellions in the newly occupied territories of the Middle East. The Vickers Vernon, developers of the Vickers Vimy Commercial, entered service with the Royal Air Force in 1921 as the first troop transport. In February 1923 it was used by the RAF's Iraqi Command, who flew about 500 Sikh soldiers out of Kingarban. The first strategic military deployment in Kirkuk.

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Vickers Victorias played a key role at Kabul Airport between November 1928 and February 1929, evacuating members of the Afghan royal family, along with members of the diplomatic corps and their staff, who were threatened by the civil war.

The Arado Ar 232, a German World War II design, was the first purpose-built cargo aircraft. The Ar 232 was intended to replace the earlier Junkers Ju 52 equipment, but only a few were built. Most other forces also use aircraft types in the cargo role, notably the C-47 Skytrain version of the Douglas DC-3, which serves nearly all allied nations. One of the major innovations of future cargo aircraft design was introduced in 1939 with the fifth and sixth prototypes of the four-seat Junkers Ju 90 fighter, the first known example of a rear loading landing. This aircraft, like most of its era, used a tail landing gear which caused the aircraft to have a tendency to lean back during landing. These aircraft featured a Trapoklappe, a landing/hydraulic lift equipped with crew decks that raised the rear of the aircraft and allowed for easy loading.

The same rear loading ramp home appeared in a slightly different form on the American Budd RB-1 Conestoga, the last twin-engine cargo plane of World War II.

Postwar Europe also played a major role in the development of the modern air cargo and air transport industry. During the height of the Cold War, Berlin Airlift carried out a massive airlift to supply West Berlin with food and supplies in the airlift area of ​​the watch after the Soviet Union closed in on the West. blocked. The Berlin area is closed to the west. Many older models, especially the Douglas C-47 Skytrain, were put into service to quickly provide the necessary number of aircraft. In practice, these older designs proved to take as long or as long to launch as the larger tricycle landing gear Douglas C-54 Skymaster, which was easier to maneuver when it arrived. C-47s were soon phased out, and moving away from flat decks was a requirement for all new aircraft designs.

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In the post-war years, a number of new custom cargo aircraft were introduced, often incorporating some "experimental" features. For example, the US C-82 Package had a removable cargo bay, while the C-123 Provider introduced a rear/swept rear fuselage shape to allow for a larger rear loading landing. But it was the introduction of the turboprop that allowed the class to mature, and one of the first examples, the C-130 Hercules, is still in the category of new military transport in Category 21, as is the Lockheed Martin C-130J. aircraft structures are measured. While larger, smaller, and faster designs have been offered over the years, the C-130 continues to improve in the number it keeps in production.

"Strategic" cargo aircraft entered their category beginning with the Lockheed C-5 Galaxy in the 1960s and a number of similar Soviet designs in the 1970s and 1980s, culminating in the world's largest aircraft, the Antonov An-225. . These designs offer the ability to carry the heaviest payloads, such as main battle tanks, into terrain. The Boeing 747 was originally designed with the same specifications as the C-5, but was later modified to a design that could be offered.

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